Cerceamento Curricular Nos Anos Iniciais: As Configurações Familiares, A Ascensão Dos Movimentos Ultraconservadores E As Possíveis Interferências Nos Livros Didáticos.

Abstract

In the midst of a political scenario divided by extreme ideological clashes, educational guidelines became the target of disputes, raising doubts about the availability of certain contents and approaches in textbooks used in the first years of Elementary School. In this study, we sought investigate the existence of censorship by authors and publishers in relation to the content of their works, in addition to analyzing government interference during the Bolsonaro administration (2019-2022) in the National Textbook Program (PNLD). The real influence of a government on the Curriculum and the PNLD was questioned with regard to content, especially themes focused on different family configurations. To this end, the research examined the contents of some textbooks from the initial years of Elementary School in the subjects of Science, History and Geography, relating restrictions to content and methodologies focused on diversity, such as same-sex families. The documentary analysis of books approved by the PNLD for the years 2019 and 2023, with a focus on contextualization, was carried out through the collection of data that were later analyzed using quantitative methods, through graphs. With this although there is still a predominance of traditional heterosexual families, a plural approach to families, including homossexual ones, was found, both in collections approved in the 2019 PNLD and in the 2023 one, the latter evaluated during the Bolsonaro Government.