Emprego de silica gel ionicamente impressa como extrator em fase sólida em sistema de análise em fluxo para determinação de cobalto por espectrofotometria

Abstract

The present work describes the development of analytical method based on solid phase flow preconcentration of cobalt ions with further determination by spectrophotometry. Modified silica gel with 2-aminoethyl-3- aminobutylmethyldimethoxysilane (AAMDMS) and ionically imprinted with Co2+ ions (ISG) was employed as solid adsorbent. The flow preconcentration system is based on cationic retention of cobalt in a mini-column filled with ISG, with further elution with 0.5 mol L-1 HNO3. The cobalt ions eluted react subsequently with the complexant 1- (2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN), forming a green complex detected spectrophotometrically at 575 nm. The optimized conditions were: sample pH (9.2); buffer (amoniacal) concentration of the sample (0.01 mol L-1), surfactant (SLS) concentration (3.0 mmol L-1); flow rate preconcentration (9.0 mL min-1); buffer solution concentration of PAN (0.75 mol L-1); PAN concentration (100 mmol L-1), pH of PAN solution (10.2); length of reaction coil (225 cm), total elution flow rate (7.0 mL min-1). The selectivity of ISG towards cobalt ions was attested by the constant selectivity for K'(KSGI / Kblank), yielding values of 10.9 and 10.2 for (KSGI / K functionalized silica) and (KSGI / Ksilica gel), respectively in the Co2+/Ni2+ system. For the system Co2+/Cu2+ the values were 6.4 and 11.4. Moreover, interference testing was performed by binary solutions containing different cobalt:interferent proportions [1:1, 1:10, 1:100 (m/m)]. The evaluated ions were Ni+2, Cu +2, Fe2+, Pb+2, Cd+2, Mn +2, Zn +2, Cr+3, and except by zinc, in 1:1 proportion no interference was observed. The precision (n=10, repeatability) for the standards 10.0 and 90.0 μg L-1 yield relative standard deviation of 2.63 and 1.5%, respectively. The method showed the respective detection and quantification limits of 0.51 and 1.71 μg L-1 and a preconcentration factor of 7.21. The proposed method was applied in water samples, urine and certified reference material.